Understanding Anal Fissures
Anal fissures are small tears in the lining of the anal canal that can cause significant pain and discomfort. While many fissures heal on their own with conservative treatment, some cases may require surgical intervention.
When Is Surgery Necessary?
Surgery is typically considered for chronic anal fissures that have not responded to other treatments. These are fissures that have persisted for more than 8-12 weeks despite conservative measures.
Surgical Options for Anal Fissure Repair
There are several surgical procedures that can be used to repair anal fissures:
• Lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS): This is the most common and effective surgical treatment for chronic anal fissures. It involves making a small cut in the internal anal sphincter muscle to reduce tension and promote healing.
• Fissurectomy: In this procedure, the surgeon removes the fissure and any associated scar tissue. This may be combined with other techniques to ensure proper healing.
• Advancement flap: This technique involves using healthy tissue from nearby areas to cover and repair the fissure.
What to Expect During Surgery
Anal fissure surgery is typically performed as an outpatient procedure under local or general anesthesia. The specific technique used will depend on the severity and location of the fissure, as well as the surgeon’s preference.
Recovery and Success Rates
Most patients experience significant relief from pain within a few days after surgery. Full recovery may take several weeks. The success rate for surgical repair of anal fissures is generally high, with over 90% of patients experiencing long-term relief.
Potential Risks and Complications
As with any surgical procedure, there are some risks associated with anal fissure repair. These may include:
• Temporary incontinence
• Infection
• Bleeding
• Recurrence of the fissure
It’s important to discuss these risks with your surgeon before proceeding with any surgical intervention.