Can You Get Sick From Your Fish Tank? The Surprising Zoonotic Diseases You Need to Know About

As a fish enthusiast, you may have wondered if the aquarium in your home could pose any health risks. While it’s true that the chances of contracting a disease from your fish tank are relatively low, there are certain zoonotic diseases that can be transmitted from fish to humans. In this comprehensive article, we’ll explore the most common fish-related illnesses and provide practical tips to keep you and your family safe while enjoying your aquatic pets.
The Most Common Zoonotic Diseases Associated with Fish
The zoonotic diseases associated with fish contact are primarily bacterial infections. These include:
Mycobacterium species, such as M. marinum, M. fortuitum, and M. chelonei, which can cause “fish tank granuloma” or skin ulcers and nodules, usually on the hands
Erysipelothrix, which can lead to skin infections and flu-like symptoms
Campylobacter, a common cause of gastroenteritis
Aeromonas, which can cause skin and soft tissue infections
Vibrio, which can lead to wound infections and gastroenteritis
Edwardsiella, Escherichia, Salmonella, and Klebsiella, which are all potential causes of various illnesses
Streptococcus iniae, a bacterium that can cause cellulitis, arthritis, and endocarditis

How Do These Diseases Spread?

These zoonotic diseases can be transmitted to humans through direct contact with fish (live or dead), contaminated water in ponds or aquaria, or by handling infected aquarium equipment. Skin wounds or damage can facilitate the penetration of bacteria, leading to infections.

Who Is at Risk?

While anyone can potentially contract a zoonotic disease from fish, certain individuals are at higher risk, including:
People with chronic illnesses or immunodeficiencies
Pregnant women
Children under 5 years old
Preventing Fish-Related Illnesses
To reduce the risk of contracting a zoonotic disease from your fish tank, follow these simple precautions:
Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after handling fish or cleaning the aquarium
Wear gloves to cover any cuts or wounds on your hands while working with fish or aquarium equipment
Avoid cleaning fish aquariums if you are immunocompromised or in areas where immunocompromised persons might be present
Do not allow children under 5 years old to clean fish aquariums
Keep your aquarium clean and disinfect equipment after use
Avoid eating, drinking, applying cosmetics, or using tobacco products while handling animals or in animal housing areas
Wear eye and respiratory protection when appropriate
Cover abraded skin, cuts, scrapes, or sores and do not allow them to come into contact with fish, fish-contaminated materials, or aquarium water
By following these simple precautions and maintaining good hygiene, you can greatly reduce the risk of contracting a zoonotic disease from your fish tank. Remember, while the chances of getting sick are low, it’s always better to be safe than sorry when it comes to your health and the health of your family.