How Do Window Balances Work in Double-Hung Windows?

Double-hung windows are a popular choice for many homeowners due to their classic look and practical functionality. These windows feature two sashes that slide vertically past each other, allowing for easy ventilation and access. However, the weight of the sashes can make them difficult to open and close. This is where window balances come into play.

What is a Window Balance?

A window balance is a mechanism that helps counteract the weight of the window sash, making it easier to open and close. It is located inside the window frame and is only found in double-hung or single-hung windows. The balance consists of a spring or weight system that is designed to match the weight of the sash, allowing the window to stay in place when opened.

There are several different types of window balances, each with its own unique design and functionality. The most common types include:

• Spiral balances: These use a spiral-shaped rod within a tube that connects to a spring, providing tension to support the sash.
• Block-and-tackle balances: These include a combination of pulleys, a cord, and a spring that stretches or compresses to assist with opening and closing the window.
• Constant force balances: Also known as coil balances, these are made of coiled pieces of metal that uncoil when the sash is closed and recoil to provide tension.
• Weight-and-pulley balances: Found in older homes, these use a counterweight suspended on a cord or chain to hold the sash in place.

How Do Window Balances Work?

Window balances work by counterbalancing the weight of the window sash, making it easier to open and close. When the window is closed, the balance is under tension, ready to assist with opening the sash. As the sash is opened, the balance releases its tension, allowing the window to slide smoothly upwards.

The amount of tension in the balance is carefully calibrated to match the weight of the sash. If the balance is too weak, the window will be difficult to open; if it’s too strong, the window may slam shut unexpectedly. The balance is designed to hold the sash in place at any point during its travel, preventing it from falling closed or sliding down unexpectedly.

Replacing Window Balances

Over time, window balances can wear out or break, making it difficult to open and close the window. When this happens, it’s important to replace the balances to restore smooth operation. To replace a window balance, you’ll need to:

1. Identify the type of balance in your window (e.g., spiral, block-and-tackle, constant force)
2. Measure the size and weight of your sash to determine the correct replacement balance
3. Remove the old balance and install the new one according to the manufacturer’s instructions

It’s important to note that replacing window balances can be a complex task, especially if you have older windows or non-standard sizes. In some cases, it may be necessary to replace the entire window unit to ensure proper operation.

Maintaining Window Balances

To keep your window balances in good working order, it’s important to perform regular maintenance. This includes:

• Cleaning the balance tracks and lubricating the moving parts with a silicone-based lubricant
• Checking for signs of wear or damage, such as frayed cords or broken springs
• Adjusting the tension in the balance if necessary to ensure smooth operation

By performing regular maintenance and addressing any issues promptly, you can extend the life of your window balances and ensure that your double-hung windows continue to operate smoothly for years to come.