Can ACL Tears Lead to Early Onset Osteoarthritis?

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a common occurrence, particularly among young athletes. While these injuries can be treated surgically or non-surgically, they may have long-term consequences, such as an increased risk of developing osteoarthritis later in life. A recent study suggests that the production of a certain protein in the knee joint following an ACL injury may indicate an elevated risk of future osteoarthritis, allowing clinicians to better predict and treat this condition at an earlier stage.

The Link Between ACL Injuries and Osteoarthritis

ACL injuries can range from mild stretches to complete tears. Patients may experience a popping sound, sudden pain, swelling, and limited mobility in the affected knee. While surgery is often recommended to restore full mobility, it does not guarantee the prevention of osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis, also known as “wear-and-tear” arthritis, is a common condition that occurs when the surface of the joint wears away, causing pain, swelling, and loss of mobility. Unfortunately, patients who suffer an ACL injury have a higher risk of developing osteoarthritis in the affected knee as they grow older.

Early Detection of Osteoarthritis Risk

A recent study published in Scientific Reports suggests that the production of a specific protein called lubricin may be a predictor of future osteoarthritis in patients with ACL injuries. The study was conducted on dogs that had suffered ACL tears, but lubricin is present in healthy knee joints in all mammals, including humans.

The study found that levels of lubricin significantly increased in dogs with ACL tears before any other signs of osteoarthritis were detected. The researchers concluded that increased levels of this protein may be an early marker for predicting osteoarthritis, allowing patients to seek treatment and make lifestyle changes to prevent the condition from deteriorating.