Biceps tendon tears can occur either near the shoulder (proximal) or elbow (distal). While many people assume that a torn bicep can only be repaired shortly after the injury, it is possible to surgically repair a torn bicep years later. However, the recovery time and outcomes may differ compared to repairing a more recent injury.
Repairing a Torn Bicep Years Later
In cases where the biceps tendon has been torn for an extended period, the tendon may have retracted and scarred, making it challenging to reattach to the bone. The surgeon may need to use a tendon graft (allograft) to bridge the gap between the shortened tendon and its original attachment site on the bone. This procedure is known as an allograft reconstruction and typically has a longer recovery time of around 1 year post-surgery.
For patients who present with a torn biceps tendon years after the initial injury, the surgeon will discuss the allograft reconstruction option if it is deemed necessary. This procedure is used when the tendon is significantly shortened and scarred, making it difficult to reattach directly to the bone.
Recovery and Healing Time
The recovery time for a biceps tendon repair depends on several factors, including the type of tear (distal or proximal), the surgical technique used, and whether a graft was necessary. In general, most people make a rapid and full recovery after surgery, with excellent outcomes by 12-16 weeks.
Distal Biceps Tendon Repair
For a distal biceps tendon repair, most people need to wear a splint for at least four weeks after surgery. Physical therapy typically begins 1 to 2 weeks after surgery and lasts for 2 to 3 months. It can take up to 6 months for the shoulder to fully heal.
Proximal Biceps Tendon Repair
After a proximal biceps tendon repair, the patient will wear a sling for about 4 weeks. Rehabilitation usually starts 1 to 2 weeks after surgery and lasts for 2 to 3 months. It takes about 4 to 6 months before the shoulder is fully healed.
In both cases, the patient may be able to return to light daily activities in 2 to 3 weeks, as long as they don’t use the affected arm. Most people can start activities with a low risk of shoulder injury in about 3 months, and it may take 6 to 12 months to return to normal activities, depending on the severity of the injury and the progress of rehabilitation.